tkinter.tix
— 用于 Tk 的扩展 Widget
¶
源代码： Lib/tkinter/tix.py
从 3.6 版起弃用：
This Tk extension is unmaintained and should not be used in new code. Use
tkinter.ttk
代替。
tkinter.tix
(Tk Interface Extension) module provides an additional rich set of widgets. Although the standard Tk library has many useful widgets, they are far from complete. The
tkinter.tix
library provides most of the commonly needed widgets that are missing from standard Tk:
HList
,
ComboBox
,
Control
(a.k.a. SpinBox) and an assortment of scrollable widgets.
tkinter.tix
also includes many more widgets that are generally useful in a wide range of applications:
NoteBook
,
FileEntry
,
PanedWindow
, etc; there are more than 40 of them.
With all these new widgets, you can introduce new interaction techniques into applications, creating more useful and more intuitive user interfaces. You can design your application by choosing the most appropriate widgets to match the special needs of your application and users.
另请参阅
Tix
. This includes links to additional documentation and downloads.
tkinter.tix.
Tk
(
screenName=None
,
baseName=None
,
className='Tix'
)
¶
Toplevel widget of Tix which represents mostly the main window of an application. It has an associated Tcl interpreter.
Classes in the
tkinter.tix
module subclasses the classes in the
tkinter
. The former imports the latter, so to use
tkinter.tix
with Tkinter, all you need to do is to import one module. In general, you can just import
tkinter.tix
, and replace the toplevel call to
tkinter.Tk
with
tix.Tk
:
from tkinter import tix
from tkinter.constants import *
root = tix.Tk()
要使用
tkinter.tix
, you must have the Tix widgets installed, usually alongside your installation of the Tk widgets. To test your installation, try the following:
from tkinter import tix
root = tix.Tk()
root.tk.eval('package require Tix')
If this fails, you have a Tk installation problem which must be resolved before proceeding. Use the environment variable
TIX_LIBRARY
to point to the installed Tix library directory, and make sure you have the dynamic object library (
tix8183.dll
or
libtix8183.so
) in the same directory that contains your Tk dynamic object library (
tk8183.dll
or
libtk8183.so
). The directory with the dynamic object library should also have a file called
pkgIndex.tcl
(case sensitive), which contains the line:
package ifneeded Tix 8.1 [list load "[file join $dir tix8183.dll]" Tix]
Tix
introduces over 40 widget classes to the
tkinter
repertoire.
tkinter.tix.
Balloon
¶
A Balloon that pops up over a widget to provide help. When the user moves the cursor inside a widget to which a Balloon widget has been bound, a small pop-up window with a descriptive message will be shown on the screen.
tkinter.tix.
ButtonBox
¶
ButtonBox
widget creates a box of buttons, such as is commonly used for
Ok
Cancel
.
tkinter.tix.
ComboBox
¶
ComboBox widget is similar to the combo box control in MS Windows. The user can select a choice by either typing in the entry subwidget or selecting from the listbox subwidget.
tkinter.tix.
Control
¶
Control
widget is also known as the
SpinBox
widget. The user can adjust the value by pressing the two arrow buttons or by entering the value directly into the entry. The new value will be checked against the user-defined upper and lower limits.
tkinter.tix.
LabelEntry
¶
LabelEntry widget packages an entry widget and a label into one mega widget. It can be used to simplify the creation of “entry-form” type of interface.
tkinter.tix.
LabelFrame
¶
LabelFrame
widget packages a frame widget and a label into one mega widget. To create widgets inside a LabelFrame widget, one creates the new widgets relative to the
frame
subwidget and manage them inside the
frame
subwidget.
tkinter.tix.
Meter
¶
Meter widget can be used to show the progress of a background job which may take a long time to execute.
tkinter.tix.
OptionMenu
¶
OptionMenu creates a menu button of options.
tkinter.tix.
PopupMenu
¶
PopupMenu
widget can be used as a replacement of the
tk_popup
command. The advantage of the
Tix
PopupMenu
widget is it requires less application code to manipulate.
tkinter.tix.
选择
¶
选择 widget is a container of button subwidgets. It can be used to provide radio-box or check-box style of selection options for the user.
tkinter.tix.
StdButtonBox
¶
StdButtonBox widget is a group of standard buttons for Motif-like dialog boxes.
tkinter.tix.
DirList
¶
DirList widget displays a list view of a directory, its previous directories and its sub-directories. The user can choose one of the directories displayed in the list or change to another directory.
tkinter.tix.
DirTree
¶
DirTree widget displays a tree view of a directory, its previous directories and its sub-directories. The user can choose one of the directories displayed in the list or change to another directory.
tkinter.tix.
DirSelectDialog
¶
DirSelectDialog widget presents the directories in the file system in a dialog window. The user can use this dialog window to navigate through the file system to select the desired directory.
tkinter.tix.
DirSelectBox
¶
DirSelectBox
is similar to the standard Motif(TM) directory-selection box. It is generally used for the user to choose a directory. DirSelectBox stores the directories mostly recently selected into a ComboBox widget so that they can be quickly selected again.
tkinter.tix.
ExFileSelectBox
¶
ExFileSelectBox
widget is usually embedded in a tixExFileSelectDialog widget. It provides a convenient method for the user to select files. The style of the
ExFileSelectBox
widget is very similar to the standard file dialog on MS Windows 3.1.
tkinter.tix.
FileSelectBox
¶
FileSelectBox
is similar to the standard Motif(TM) file-selection box. It is generally used for the user to choose a file. FileSelectBox stores the files mostly recently selected into a
ComboBox
widget so that they can be quickly selected again.
tkinter.tix.
HList
¶
HList widget can be used to display any data that have a hierarchical structure, for example, file system directory trees. The list entries are indented and connected by branch lines according to their places in the hierarchy.
tkinter.tix.
TList
¶
TList
widget can be used to display data in a tabular format. The list entries of a
TList
widget are similar to the entries in the Tk listbox widget. The main differences are (1) the
TList
widget can display the list entries in a two dimensional format and (2) you can use graphical images as well as multiple colors and fonts for the list entries.
tkinter.tix.
PanedWindow
¶
PanedWindow widget allows the user to interactively manipulate the sizes of several panes. The panes can be arranged either vertically or horizontally. The user changes the sizes of the panes by dragging the resize handle between two panes.
tkinter.tix.
ListNoteBook
¶
ListNoteBook
widget is very similar to the
TixNoteBook
widget: it can be used to display many windows in a limited space using a notebook metaphor. The notebook is divided into a stack of pages (windows). At one time only one of these pages can be shown. The user can navigate through these pages by choosing the name of the desired page in the
hlist
subwidget.
tkinter.tix.
NoteBook
¶
NoteBook widget can be used to display many windows in a limited space using a notebook metaphor. The notebook is divided into a stack of pages. At one time only one of these pages can be shown. The user can navigate through these pages by choosing the visual “tabs” at the top of the NoteBook widget.
tkinter.tix
module adds:
tkinter.tix
and
tkinter
widgets to create color images from XPM files.
Button
小部件。
此外，
tkinter.tix
augments
tkinter
by providing:
tkinter.tix.
tixCommand
¶
tix commands
provide access to miscellaneous elements of
Tix
’s internal state and the
Tix
application context. Most of the information manipulated by these methods pertains to the application as a whole, or to a screen or display, rather than to a particular window.
To view the current settings, the common usage is:
from tkinter import tix
root = tix.Tk()
print(root.tix_configure())
tixCommand.
tix_configure
(
cnf=None
,
**kw
)
¶
Query or modify the configuration options of the Tix application context. If no option is specified, returns a dictionary all of the available options. If option is specified with no value, then the method returns a list describing the one named option (this list will be identical to the corresponding sublist of the value returned if no option is specified). If one or more option-value pairs are specified, then the method modifies the given option(s) to have the given value(s); in this case the method returns an empty string. Option may be any of the configuration options.
tixCommand.
tix_cget
(
option
)
¶
Returns the current value of the configuration option given by option . Option may be any of the configuration options.
tixCommand.
tix_getbitmap
(
name
)
¶
Locates a bitmap file of the name
name.xpm
or
name
in one of the bitmap directories (see the
tix_addbitmapdir()
method). By using
tix_getbitmap()
, you can avoid hard coding the pathnames of the bitmap files in your application. When successful, it returns the complete pathname of the bitmap file, prefixed with the character
@
. The returned value can be used to configure the
bitmap
option of the Tk and Tix widgets.
tixCommand.
tix_addbitmapdir
(
directory
)
¶
Tix maintains a list of directories under which the
tix_getimage()
and
tix_getbitmap()
methods will search for image files. The standard bitmap directory is
$TIX_LIBRARY/bitmaps
。
tix_addbitmapdir()
method adds
directory
into this list. By using this method, the image files of an applications can also be located using the
tix_getimage()
or
tix_getbitmap()
方法。
tixCommand.
tix_filedialog
(
[
dlgclass
]
)
¶
Returns the file selection dialog that may be shared among different calls from this application. This method will create a file selection dialog widget when it is called the first time. This dialog will be returned by all subsequent calls to
tix_filedialog()
. An optional dlgclass parameter can be passed as a string to specified what type of file selection dialog widget is desired. Possible options are
tix
,
FileSelectDialog
or
tixExFileSelectDialog
.
tixCommand.
tix_getimage
(
self
,
name
)
¶
Locates an image file of the name
name.xpm
,
name.xbm
or
name.ppm
in one of the bitmap directories (see the
tix_addbitmapdir()
method above). If more than one file with the same name (but different extensions) exist, then the image type is chosen according to the depth of the X display: xbm images are chosen on monochrome displays and color images are chosen on color displays. By using
tix_getimage()
, you can avoid hard coding the pathnames of the image files in your application. When successful, this method returns the name of the newly created image, which can be used to configure the
image
option of the Tk and Tix widgets.
tixCommand.
tix_option_get
(
name
)
¶
Gets the options maintained by the Tix scheme mechanism.
tixCommand.
tix_resetoptions
(
newScheme
,
newFontSet
[
,
newScmPrio
]
)
¶
Resets the scheme and fontset of the Tix application to newScheme and newFontSet , respectively. This affects only those widgets created after this call. Therefore, it is best to call the resetoptions method before the creation of any widgets in a Tix application.
可选参数 newScmPrio can be given to reset the priority level of the Tk options set by the Tix schemes.
Because of the way Tk handles the X option database, after Tix has been has imported and inited, it is not possible to reset the color schemes and font sets using the
tix_config()
method. Instead, the
tix_resetoptions()
method must be used.