zipimport
— 导入模块从 Zip 存档
¶
This module adds the ability to import Python modules (
*.py
,
*.pyc
) and packages from ZIP-format archives. It is usually not needed to use the
zipimport
module explicitly; it is automatically used by the built-in
import
mechanism for
sys.path
items that are paths to ZIP archives.
Typically,
sys.path
is a list of directory names as strings. This module also allows an item of
sys.path
to be a string naming a ZIP file archive. The ZIP archive can contain a subdirectory structure to support package imports, and a path within the archive can be specified to only import from a subdirectory. For example, the path
example.zip/lib/
would only import from the
lib/
subdirectory within the archive.
Any files may be present in the ZIP archive, but only files
.py
and
.pyc
are available for import. ZIP import of dynamic modules (
.pyd
,
.so
) is disallowed. Note that if an archive only contains
.py
files, Python will not attempt to modify the archive by adding the corresponding
.pyc
file, meaning that if a ZIP archive doesn’t contain
.pyc
files, importing may be rather slow.
ZIP archives with an archive comment are currently not supported.
另请参阅
This module defines an exception:
zipimport.
ZipImportError
¶
Exception raised by zipimporter objects. It’s a subclass of
ImportError
, so it can be caught as
ImportError
, too.
zipimporter
is the class for importing ZIP files.
zipimport.
zipimporter
(
archivepath
)
¶
Create a new zipimporter instance.
archivepath
must be a path to a ZIP file, or to a specific path within a ZIP file. For example, an
archivepath
of
foo/bar.zip/lib
will look for modules in the
lib
directory inside the ZIP file
foo/bar.zip
(provided that it exists).
ZipImportError
is raised if
archivepath
doesn’t point to a valid ZIP archive.
find_module
(
fullname
[
,
path
]
)
¶
Search for a module specified by
fullname
.
fullname
must be the fully qualified (dotted) module name. It returns the zipimporter instance itself if the module was found, or
None
if it wasn’t. The optional
path
argument is ignored—it’s there for compatibility with the importer protocol.
get_code
(
fullname
)
¶
Return the code object for the specified module. Raise
ZipImportError
if the module couldn’t be found.
get_data
(
pathname
)
¶
Return the data associated with
pathname
。引发
OSError
if the file wasn’t found.
get_filename
(
fullname
)
¶
Return the value
__file__
would be set to if the specified module was imported. Raise
ZipImportError
if the module couldn’t be found.
3.1 版新增。
get_source
(
fullname
)
¶
Return the source code for the specified module. Raise
ZipImportError
if the module couldn’t be found, return
None
if the archive does contain the module, but has no source for it.
is_package
(
fullname
)
¶
返回
True
if the module specified by
fullname
is a package. Raise
ZipImportError
if the module couldn’t be found.
load_module
(
fullname
)
¶
Load the module specified by
fullname
.
fullname
must be the fully qualified (dotted) module name. It returns the imported module, or raises
ZipImportError
if it wasn’t found.
archive
¶
The file name of the importer’s associated ZIP file, without a possible subpath.
prefix
¶
The subpath within the ZIP file where modules are searched. This is the empty string for zipimporter objects which point to the root of the ZIP file.
archive
and
prefix
attributes, when combined with a slash, equal the original
archivepath
argument given to the
zipimporter
构造函数。
Here is an example that imports a module from a ZIP archive - note that the
zipimport
module is not explicitly used.
$ unzip -l example.zip
Archive: example.zip
Length Date Time Name
-------- ---- ---- ----
8467 11-26-02 22:30 jwzthreading.py
-------- -------
8467 1 file
$ ./python
Python 2.3 (#1, Aug 1 2003, 19:54:32)
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path.insert(0, 'example.zip') # Add .zip file to front of path
>>> import jwzthreading
>>> jwzthreading.__file__
'example.zip/jwzthreading.py'