Python comes preinstalled on most Linux distributions, and is available as a package on all others. However there are certain features you might want to use that are not available on your distro’s package. You can easily compile the latest version of Python from source.
In the event that Python doesn’t come preinstalled and isn’t in the repositories as well, you can easily make packages for your own distro. Have a look at the following links:
另请参阅
FreeBSD users, to add the package use:
pkg install python3
OpenBSD users, to add the package use:
pkg_add -r python
pkg_add ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.2/packages/<insert your architecture here>/python-<version>.tgz
For example i386 users get the 2.5.1 version of Python using:
pkg_add ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.2/packages/i386/python-2.5.1p2.tgz
If you want to compile CPython yourself, first thing you should do is get the source . You can download either the latest release’s source or just grab a fresh clone . (If you want to contribute patches, you will need a clone.)
The build process consists in the usual
./configure
make
make install
invocations. Configuration options and caveats for specific Unix platforms are extensively documented in the README.rst file in the root of the Python source tree.
警告
make
安装
can overwrite or masquerade the
python3
binary.
make
altinstall
is therefore recommended instead of
make
安装
since it only installs
exec_prefix
/bin/python
version
.
To easily use Python scripts on Unix, you need to make them executable, e.g. with
$ chmod +x script
and put an appropriate Shebang line at the top of the script. A good choice is usually
#!/usr/bin/env python3
which searches for the Python interpreter in the whole
PATH
. However, some Unices may not have the
env
command, so you may need to hardcode
/usr/bin/python3
as the interpreter path.
To use shell commands in your Python scripts, look at the
subprocess
模块。
There are a number of IDEs that support Python programming language. Many editors and IDEs provide syntax highlighting, debugging tools, and PEP 8 checks.
Please go to Python Editors and Integrated Development Environments for a comprehensive list.