fnmatch — Unix 文件名模式匹配 ¶

源代码： Lib/fnmatch.py

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此模块提供对 Unix Shell 样式通配符的支持，这 not 与正则表达式相同 (文档化在 re 模块)。用于 Shell 样式通配符的特殊字符：

模式	含义
*	匹配一切
?	匹配任何单字符
[seq]	匹配任何字符在 seq
[!seq]	匹配任何字符不在 seq

对于文字匹配，将元字符包裹在括号中。例如， '[?]' 匹配字符 '?' .

Note that the filename separator ( '/' on Unix) is not special to this module. See module glob for pathname expansion ( glob 使用 filter() to match pathname segments). Similarly, filenames starting with a period are not special for this module, and are matched by the * and ? patterns.

另请注意 functools.lru_cache() 采用 maxsize of 32768 is used to cache the compiled regex patterns in the following functions: fnmatch() , fnmatchcase() , filter() .

fnmatch. fnmatch ( 名称 , pat ) ¶

Test whether the filename string name matches the pattern string pat ，返回 True or False . Both parameters are case-normalized using os.path.normcase() . fnmatchcase() can be used to perform a case-sensitive comparison, regardless of whether that’s standard for the operating system.

This example will print all file names in the current directory with the extension .txt :

import fnmatch
import os
for file in os.listdir('.'):
    if fnmatch.fnmatch(file, '*.txt'):
        print(file)