filecmp — 文件和目录比较 ¶

源代码： Lib/filecmp.py

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The filecmp 模块定义比较文件、目录的函数，具有各种可选时间/正确性权衡。为比较文件，另请参阅 difflib 模块。

The filecmp 模块定义了下列函数：

filecmp. cmp ( f1 , f2 , shallow = True ) ¶

比较文件名为 f1 and f2 ，返回 True 若它们看起来相等， False 否则。

若 shallow is true and the os.stat() signatures (file type, size, and modification time) of both files are identical, the files are taken to be equal.

Otherwise, the files are treated as different if their sizes or contents differ.

Note that no external programs are called from this function, giving it portability and efficiency.

This function uses a cache for past comparisons and the results, with cache entries invalidated if the os.stat() information for the file changes. The entire cache may be cleared using clear_cache() .

filecmp. cmpfiles ( dir1 , dir2 , common , shallow = True ) ¶

Compare the files in the two directories dir1 and dir2 whose names are given by common .

Returns three lists of file names: match , mismatch , errors . match contains the list of files that match, mismatch contains the names of those that don’t, and errors lists the names of files which could not be compared. Files are listed in errors if they don’t exist in one of the directories, the user lacks permission to read them or if the comparison could not be done for some other reason.

The shallow parameter has the same meaning and default value as for filecmp.cmp() .

例如， cmpfiles('a', 'b', ['c', 'd/e']) 将比较 a/c with b/c and a/d/e with b/d/e . 'c' and 'd/e' will each be in one of the three returned lists.

filecmp. clear_cache ( ) ¶

Clear the filecmp cache. This may be useful if a file is compared so quickly after it is modified that it is within the mtime resolution of the underlying filesystem.

Added in version 3.4.